Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students in Indonesia: Integrating of Theory of Planned Behavior and the Ability Motivation Opportunity Theory
Keywords:
entrepreneurial intention; entrepreneurial education; univerity students; theory of planned behavior, ability motivation opportunity theory.Abstract
This study aims to understand the factors influencing entrepreneurial intention among university students in Indonesia, focusing on motivation, ability, attitude, subjective norms, perceived self-control, entrepreneurship education, and opportunity. The research was conducted using a cross-sectional design at Indonesian higher education institutions from September to October 2023. The sample consisted of active bachelor degree students who completed entrepreneurship courses. The study used the Bootstrap mediation effect test model to assess the relationship between variables. Entrepreneurship is considered a key solution to reducing Indonesia's high unemployment rate. A total of 550 participant agree to join in this study. The mean age of the participants was 22.56 ± 2.33 years, ranging from 19 to 24 years. This study found that motivation had a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial intention (β = 5.908, p =0.001). Moreover, ability, oportunities, and enterpreurship education had a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Moreover, attitude, subjective norm, and perceive behavior control had a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial intention (p <0.05). The direct effect accounts for 54.21% of the total effect, while the total indirect effect accounts for 38.2%. At the same time, the intermediary effect of motivation accounts for 19.45%. The significance of the learning environment in fostering motivation and development of entrepreneurial intention among undergraduate students may be evaluated, and future research might investigate the longitudinal association between c entrepreneurial intention and motivation type.
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